Eco-Efficiency of Green Infrastructure on Thermal Comfort of Outdoor Space Design

Trees and shrubs, as a part of the green infrastructure, are important for well-being urban dwellers. This research aims to study eco-efficiency trees on outdoor thermal comfort, defined by ratio change in physiological equivalent temperature (PET) trees’ cost. Field data were collected compared with station calibrate create base case model. After model was created, researchers created scenarios shrubs occupying 25, 50, 75, 100% space. The cost estimate calculated price quotes from local providers. results suggested that (1) confirmed positively improve especially late afternoon when it is most uncomfortable, (2) adding more site could increase values than all cases, (3) at 50% coverage gave highest other options. this exploratory will provide an alternative design approach helps decision-making spaces. Future studies should address plant selections ecosystem benefits may affect calculation.